Tuesday, December 31, 2013

South Sudan rebels attack key town

 


A South Sudan army soldier stands next to a machine gun mounted on a truck in Malakal town, 497km (308 miles) northeast of capital Juba
Analysts say there is little hope of a looming ceasefire deadline being heeded

Anti-government rebels in South Sudan have attacked the key town of Bor, just hours before a deadline for a ceasefire expires.

A UN spokesman said the fighting began at daybreak, not far from the town's UN compound.

A South Sudanese army spokesman confirmed a "big fight" had happened.

Uganda's president has threatened the rebels with military action if they fail to agree to a ceasefire by the end of Tuesday, and begin talks.

But the rebel leader, Riek Machar, has demanded the release of all his detained political allies before any talks can begin, something South Sudanese President Salva Kiir has rejected.
Ethnic conflict?
Only last week the army was celebrating the recapture of Bor from the rebel forces - but it now appears that the rebels are back, and have captured a key crossroads.

The UN believes the attackers are a mix of mutinous soldiers loyal to Mr Machar and an ethnic militia called the "White Army", known for putting white ash onto their bodies as a kind of war-paint.

In recent days, thousands of people have fled from Bor, the capital of Jonglei state.


 

South Sudan's president says he believes a peaceful solution is still possible


The fighting initially broke out more than two weeks ago in the capital, Juba, and has now spread to many parts of the country.

At least 1,000 people have died and more than 121,600 are believed to have fled their homes.

Mr Machar, who was President Kiir's deputy until he was sacked in July - is accused of mounting a coup that sparked the violence. He denies the allegation.

What began as a power struggle between the two men has taken on overtones of an ethnic conflict. The Dinka, to which Mr Kiir belongs, are pitted against the Nuer, from which Mr Machar hails.

Mr Kiir has ruled out any power sharing with Mr Machar, telling the BBC on Monday: "These men have rebelled. If you want power, you don't rebel so that you are rewarded with the power. You go through the process."

BBC map

NSA surveillance lawful, judge rules

A US federal judge has ruled that mass government surveillance of the phone network is legal, a week after another court said the opposite.
New York District Judge William Pauley described the snooping as a "counter-punch" against al-Qaeda.
He said the National Security Agency (NSA) programme might even have prevented the 9/11 attacks.
Last week a Washington DC federal judge ruled the surveillance was "likely unconstitutional" and "Orwellian".
But in Friday's decision, Judge Pauley, of the US District Court for the Southern District of New York, said "the balance of equities and the public interest tilt firmly in favour of the Government's position".
'Extremely disappointed'
In his 53-page ruling, he concluded: "The right to be free from searches and seizures is fundamental, but not absolute."

He also noted: "Every day, people voluntarily surrender personal and seemingly-private information to trans-national corporations, which exploit that data for profit.
"Few think twice about it, even though it is far more intrusive than bulk telephony metadata collection.
"There is no evidence that the Government has used any of the bulk telephony metadata it collected for any purpose other than investigating and disrupting terrorist attacks."
Judge Pauley dismissed a lawsuit brought by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), which told the BBC it would appeal.
"We are extremely disappointed with this decision, which misinterprets the relevant statutes, understates the privacy implications of the government's surveillance and misapplies a narrow and outdated precedent to read away core constitutional protections," said the civil rights organisation's deputy legal director, Jameel Jaffer.
The Obama administration, which has been on the defensive over the NSA revelations, welcomed the ruling.
"We are pleased the court found the NSA's bulk telephony metadata collection program to be lawful," US Department of Justice spokesman Peter Carr told the BBC.
'Arbitrary invasion'
Friday's ruling contradicts that on 16 December by Washington DC federal Judge Richard Leon, who said the NSA's surveillance was "indiscriminate" and an "arbitrary invasion".
His 68-page decision backed a conservative activist's legal challenge on the merits of the Fourth Amendment, the clause in the US constitution barring unreasonable search and seizure by the government.
Judge Leon suspended his ruling pending an appeal by the justice department, enabling the programme to continue for now.

NSA headquarters in Fort Meade, Maryland
The NSA, America's electronic surveillance agency, is based at Fort Meade, Maryland

The NSA's snooping was leaked in June by Edward Snowden, a former contractor for the agency. He fled to Russia, which granted him temporary asylum.
Under the programme, America's electronic surveillance agency orders Verizon - one of the largest phone companies in the US - to hand over its metadata.
This includes telephone numbers, times and dates of calls, calling card numbers and the serial numbers of phones, from millions of calls Verizon processes in which at least one party is in the US.
The disclosures about the NSA's tracking of the communications by ordinary citizens as well as world leaders, such as German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff, have dismayed civil rights activists and diplomats.
In his end-of-year news conference, President Barack Obama hinted at a possible review of such snooping.
In light of "disclosures that have taken place", there might be "another way of skinning the cat", he said earlier this week.
Mr Obama is expected to announce next month whether he will act on a White House-appointed panel's advice to rein in the NSA.
Among the task force's sweeping recommendations were that the spy agency should no longer store the data.

Monday, December 30, 2013

South Sudan President: Africa should have helped

 

A girl carries a bowl of water after filling it from a truck at a United Nations compound that has become home to thousands of people displaced by recent fighting in Juba, South Sudan, on Sunday, December 29. Clashes between rival groups of soldiers in Juba a week ago have spread across the country. A girl carries a bowl of water after filling it from a truck at a United Nations compound that has become home to thousands of people displaced by recent fighting in Juba, South Sudan, on Sunday, December 29. Clashes between rival groups of soldiers in Juba a week ago have spread across the country.
African nations should have acted quickly to help quell the bloody fighting that has consumed parts of South Sudan this month, the President of the new country told CNN on Monday.
As soon as an attempted coup took place and violence broke out, "the original leaders and all African leaders should have come in with military support," so that the rebels would be "crushed once and for all," President Salva Kiir said.
However, he said, he did not ask them for help.
East African nations have set Tuesday as a deadline for the two sides to engage in talks.
If the other side, led by former South Sudanese Vice President Riek Machar, does not agree to talk, then "we will fight," Kiir vowed. "In both cases," he said, peace "will be restored."
Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni, at a news conference, said that if Machar does not agree to talks, the other countries will "go for him." Asked what that means, he said, "defeat him."
Machar could not be reached immediately for comment.
South Korean soldiers provide water at a refugee camp in South Sudan on Thursday, December 26. Hundreds of South Korean soldiers are stationed in the town of Bor as part of United Nations peacekeeping forces there.
Machar is a longtime rival of Kiir. The men are from tribal clans. Kiir is from the Dinka tribe, Machar from the Neur.
Kiir accused Machar of trying to stage a coup. Machar has denied the claim.
Fighting broke out on December 15 in the capital city of Juba. It quickly spread across the country, with reports of mass killings that were lent credence by mass graves.
Militia persuaded to retreat
Government officials have persuaded an ethnic militia loyal to Machar to retreat from Bor, Rachel Nyedak Paul, the deputy information minister in Juba, told CNN on Monday.
An estimated 20,000 ethnic Nuer from the so-called White Army had been headed for the city, raising fears of more violence.
Paul told CNN that she and other officials who are Nuer and originally from the North Jonglei province -- the same area where the White Army originated -- had a series of phone conversations with leaders of White Army on Monday.
They told the leaders the current crisis was a political and not a tribal battle and told them to not get involved.
The youths in the White Army are known for the white powder they use to cover their skin as an insect repellant.

2nd deadly blast hits Russian city of Volgograd ahead of 2014 Sochi Olympics

 


A bomb blast tore through a trolleybus in the city of Volgograd on Monday morning on December 30, a day after a suicide bombing at the city's main railway station.A bomb blast tore through a trolleybus in the city of Volgograd on Monday morning on December 30, a day after a suicide bombing at the city's main railway station.
Another deadly blast has struck the southern Russian city of Volgograd, killing at least 14 people and further highlighting Russia's security challenges as it readies to host the Winter Olympics in less than six weeks.
An explosion hit a trolleybus near a busy market during the morning rush hour Monday, taking place the day after a blast at Volgograd's main train station killed 17 people and wounded at least 35 others.
Like Sunday's attack, the blast Monday was a terrorist act, Vladmir Markin, a spokesman for the country's federal investigation agency, told the state-run news agency RIA Novosti.
No one claimed responsibility for the explosions. But they come several months after the leader of a Chechen separatist group pledged violence to disrupt the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics.
 
 
Video footage from the scene Monday showed the twisted shell of the blue trolleybus, with debris spread around it. The impact of the blast blew out the roof of the bus, as well as windows of several nearby houses. At least 28 people were reported to be wounded.
Based on the footage, the blast appeared to have occurred in the back half of the bus. The federal investigation agency said it believes the explosion was set off by a male suicide bomber.
And there are strong indications the two attacks are linked, the agency said.
Investigators said the train station blast Sunday appeared to have been caused by a suicide bomber, who may have been female.
Markin told Ria Novosti that DNA testing will be carried out on the remains of the station bomber, who used the equivalent of 10 kilograms of TNT in a device containing shrapnel. Investigators say they also found an unexploded grenade at the scene.
Video taken from an outside security camera shows a huge fireball inside what appears to be the main entrance of the three-story stone building followed by a steady trail of smoke coming out shattered windows.
The approaching Olympics
The deadly explosions come ahead of the Winter Olympics in Sochi, which is situated less than 1,000 kilometers (620 miles) southwest of Volgograd. The Games will take place between February 7 and 24.
Once called Stalingrad, Volgograd is a major rail hub in the region, and each day thousands of passengers pass through the station, many on their way to Moscow.
In October, a bomber blew up a passenger bus in Volgograd, killing six people and wounding more than 30 others. Russian media reported that a female Islamist suicide bomber from the Russian region of Dagestan was responsible for that attack.
Russia's security challenge
Russian President Vladimir Putin has maintained that the Sochi games will be safe and security will be tight.
Visitors to Sochi and the surrounding area are subjected to rigorous security checks, and vehicle license plates are monitored.
But the deadly blasts in Volgograd highlight the challenge Russian authorities face in policing the rest of the country amid ongoing unrest in the North Caucasus. That region includes Chechnya, where Russia fought two wars against separatist movements, and Dagestan.
Volgograd is a hub for people traveling to Sochi from Moscow and other parts of central Russia. It also has key transportation links with the North Caucasus.
Umarov's threat
In July, Doku Umarov, the leader of the Chechen group Caucasus Emirate, released a video statement in which he vowed to unleash "maximum force" to disrupt the games at Sochi.
The U.S. State Department considers the Caucasus Emirate a foreign terrorist group and has authorized a reward of up to $5 million for information leading to the location of Umarov.
The State Department said Umarov organized a suicide bombing outside the Chechen Interior Ministry in May 2009.
His group also claimed responsibility for the 2011 bombing of Domodedovo Airport in Moscow that killed 36 people, the 2010 bombings of the Moscow subway that killed 40 and the 2009 bombing of the high-speed Nevsky Express train in which 28 people died.

Saturday, December 28, 2013

China formally eases one-child policy

 
Father and son on visit to Tiananmen Square in Beijing - 5 December The one-child policy has been strictly enforced, but has become unpopular
 
China's top legislature has formally adopted a resolution easing the country's one-child policy, the state news agency Xinhua reports.
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress passed a resolution allowing couples to have two children if either parent is an only child.
A proposal to abolish re-education through labour camps was also approved.
The changes in policy were announced following a meeting of top Communist Party officials in November.
The reforms, which came at the end of a six-day meeting of the congress, have already been tested in parts of the country.
 
They needed formal legislative approval to be put into effect.
'Leftover men'
China introduced its one-child policy at the end of the 1970s to curb rapid population growth.
But correspondents say the policy has become increasingly unpopular and that leaders fear the country's ageing population will both reduce the labour pool and exacerbate elderly care issues.
By 2050, more than a quarter of the population will be over 65.
The one-child policy has on the whole been strictly enforced, though some exceptions already exist, including for ethnic minorities.
The traditional preference for boys has created a gender imbalance as some couples opt for sex-selective abortions.
By the end of the decade, demographers say China will have 24 million "leftover men" who, because of China's gender imbalance, will not be able to find a wife.
 
Former inmate Liu Hua speaks about the horrors of life in a labour camp
The decision to close the labour camps puts an end to a controversial punishment system long criticised for its human rights abuses.
State media said the development of China's legal system had made the camps "superfluous" and signalled the end of their "historic mission".
Chinese leaders had previously said they wanted to reform the system.
The network, which was created in the 1950s based on the Soviet Gulag, allowed the Chinese police to send anyone to prison for up to four years without a trial.
A labour camp sentence was almost impossible to appeal.
China had 260 labour camps holding 160,000 inmates at the start of this year, according to figures from the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights Watch.
Correspondents say most of the detainees were arrested for drug offences - either selling or buying small quantities of illegal narcotics.
Some of the labour camps are expected to be transformed into drug rehabilitation centres.

South Sudan government agrees to truce

 


A South Sudanese woman sits with a child sits at the main hospital in Bor, after its recapture by government forces, 25 December The lives of tens of thousands of people have been disrupted by the fighting


The government of South Sudan has agreed to an immediate end to fighting with rebels but warned its forces would defend themselves if attacked.

Welcoming the commitment from President Salva Kiir's government, East African states urged rebel leader Riek Machar to do likewise, as fighting continued.

But Mr Machar told BBC News conditions for a truce were not yet in place.

He did confirm that two of his allies had been freed from custody but called for the other nine to be released too.

The release of the 11 politicians, accused of plotting a coup, has been a key rebel condition for any negotiations.

It is worth stating the obvious: a cessation of hostilities will only work if both parties agree to it. That means Igad is putting the squeeze on Riek Machar to cease fighting, including reserving the right to take unspecified "further measures" if this does not happen within four days.
Igad's communique will be depressing reading for Mr Machar in other ways too. Like Barack Obama last week, the bloc is stressing that South Sudan's elected government must not be overthrown by force. When you add in the rebels' loss of the town of Bor, it has been a bad few days for Mr Machar. It was not immediately possible to get a reaction from the former vice-president.
He may be cheered by Igad's suggestion that the South Sudanese government review the status of the detained political leaders. He wants his political allies freed before he agrees to talks. But even here the language was not as strong as in other parts of the communique. Overall, it seems as if the pressure is now firmly on Mr Machar.

Recent fighting left at least 1,000 people dead, with fierce new battles reported in the town of Malakal, in oil-rich Upper Nile State.

More than 121,600 people have fled their homes in the world's newest state, with about 63,000 seeking refuge at UN compounds across the country, according to a statement by the UN.

The first UN reinforcements have arrived since the UN Security Council voted to almost double the number of peacekeepers to 12,500. A detachment of 72 Bangladeshi police officers based in Democratic Republic of Congo arrived by plane in Juba.

They are trained in crowd management and security, and will be deployed immediately to help with the growing number of people seeking shelter at UN compounds.

Mr Kiir is engaged in a deadly power struggle with Mr Machar, his former vice-president. Members of Mr Kiir's Dinka ethnic group and Mr Machar's Nuer community have both been targeted in the violence.

East African regional leaders held talks in the Kenyan capital Nairobi a day after the leaders of Kenya and Ethiopia met Mr Kiir in South Sudan's capital, Juba.

They said they would not accept a violent overthrow of the government in South Sudan and called on the government and rebels to meet for talks within four days.

 
UNMISS Police Commissioner Fred Yiga: "Our biggest challenge right now is the protection of civilians."
'A conditional offer'
Neither President Kiir nor rebel representatives attended the talks in Nairobi but the government in Juba tweeted to say: "We have agreed in principle to a ceasefire to begin immediately, but our forces are prepared to defend themselves if attacked."

Presidential spokesman Ateny Wek told regional broadcaster Radio Tamazuj: "It is not a unilateral offer, but it is a conditional offer to be accepted by the other party."

In Nairobi, South Sudanese Information Minister Michael Makuei Lueth said the government had agreed to suspend a planned offensive to recapture Bentiu, the capital of oil-producing Unity State.

"We are not moving on Bentiu as long as the rebel forces abide by the ceasefire," he was quoted as saying by the Associated Press.

In Juba, Mr Kiir reportedly told US envoy Donald Booth he had agreed to release eight out of the 11 detained politicians.

Ethiopian Foreign Minister Tedros Adhanom welcomed Mr Kiir's commitment to "an immediate cessation of hostilities"

Speaking to BBC World Service by satellite phone "from the bush", Mr Machar said he was ready for talks but any ceasefire had to be negotiated by delegations from the two sides, with a mechanism agreed to monitor it.

Claiming the allegiance of all rebel forces in South Sudan, he called for the release of all 11 detainees.

Violence has continued through the week with conflicting reports on Friday about the situation in Malakal, capital of Upper Nile State, where some 12,000 people have been sheltering at a UN base.

Both the army and rebels claimed to be in control of the town.

A government tank in Juba, South Sudan, 16 December The government is believed to possess scores of tanks like the one seen here in Juba earlier this month.

An aerial view of Malakal, South Sudan (file image) This aerial view of Malakal was photographed in 2009

According to Radio Tamazuj, government forces drove rebel soldiers out of the town on Friday, shelling them from tanks.

Dozens of houses were destroyed in the fighting, with a tank shell killing a family of four inside one of them, while three dead bodies were found inside another, the radio said.

In another state, Jonglei, the aid agency Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) treated gunshot victims who had walked for three days from the war-torn town of Bor in search of safe access to healthcare.

Anne Soy reports from Juba: ''Many here are too frightened to venture out of the UN camp''

Thursday, December 26, 2013

Is al Qaeda outdoing the U.S. on truth telling?

 

 

 It has long been said that in war, "truth is the first casualty."
It is generally accepted, however, that the United States, the world's leading democracy, should try to make truth-telling a common practice when it goes to war.
When Gen. David Petraeus was U.S. commander in Afghanistan in 2010 he issued guidance to his troops, one of the key points of which was to "be first with the truth." The guidance explained, "Avoid spinning, and don't try to 'dress up' an ugly situation. Acknowledge setbacks and failures, including civilian casualties, and then state how we'll respond and what we've learned."
 
Yet, in Yemen where the U.S. has been fighting a small, undeclared war for the past four years, we have now arrived at the ironic point where America's main enemy there, al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, is doing a better job of truth telling than the U.S.
In a video message released on Sunday, a leader of al Qaeda in Yemen apologized for an attack on a hospital in the Yemeni capital of Sanaa earlier this month in which civilians were killed.
According to the al Qaeda leader, the attackers were targeting the Yemeni Ministry of Defense, but one fighter made a mistake and attacked a hospital inside the defense ministry: "We confess to this mistake and fault. We offer our apologies and condolences to the families of the victims," said the al Qaeda leader.
While al Qaeda has publicly -- and, no doubt, self-servingly -- apologized for killing civilians at the Yemeni hospital during the attack in Sanaa on December 5, at the same time American officials have said nothing publicly about a U.S. drone strike that took place a week later on a suspected convoy of militants in western Yemen on December 12.
The target of this strike turned out to be a wedding party and at least a half dozen civilians are reliably reported to have died.
This gets to a key problem of the secretive American drone program. Its clandestine and unaccountable nature means that when the U.S. does make a mistake, as it inevitably will, instead of apologizing and making some kind of compensation to the civilian victims of a botched strike -- a common practice when the U.S. military inadvertently kills civilians in wartime -- American officials instead say ... nothing.
Or worse, they make claims that the program is somehow perfect and never kills civilians as Obama's then top counterterrorism adviser, John O. Brennan, improbably claimed of the drone program in June 2011 when he said that for almost a year, "there hasn't been a single collateral death because of the exceptional proficiency, precision of the capabilities we've been able to develop." Brennan is now the CIA director.
Seeking to redress some of the problems in the drone program, on May 23 President Barack Obama gave a major speech about his counterterrorism policies in Washington in which he said, "Before any strike is taken, there must be near-certainty that no civilians will be killed or injured -- the highest standard we can set."
Did Obama's speech and the new policy it sought to inaugurate make any difference to the drone program? Short answer: Yes.
Since that speech the Obama administration has dramatically cut the number of CIA drone strikes in Pakistan and has slightly slowed the number of strikes in Yemen.
There were 14 drone strikes in Pakistan during the past seven months; an average of one strike every 15 days. In the year before Obama's speech, drone strikes happened every eight days. And there have been no reliably reported civilian casualties in Pakistan from drone strikes since Obama's May speech, according to an analysis of the drone program by the New America Foundation.
The pace of drone strikes fell in Yemen after Obama's speech, too, but not as much as it did in Pakistan. Since May 23, there have been 16, an average of about one strike every 13 days. During the previous year, a strike occurred about once every 10 days.
It's worth noting that the civilian death rate has fallen steadily overall in both Pakistan and Yemen over the past several years, but the strike on December 12 in Yemen and the civilian casualties it caused is a reminder that there is definitely room for improvement.
What can be done?
One idea to make the drone program as accountable as possible is to set up an internal U.S. government body that is independent of the CIA and Pentagon that would conduct reviews of the drone strikes after they have occurred.
One could imagine, for instance, that a small, nonpartisan group of experts on security and law, similar to the group that Obama appointed to analyze the activities of the NSA, could review the aftermath of drone strikes to examine whether the victims of the strikes were in fact militants who posed some kind of threat to the United States. Such additional oversight would make CIA targeters and drone operators all the more diligent to avoid mistakes.
 
cnn.com

In South Sudan city, victims of violence reliving memories

 

A South Sudanese girl puts laundry on a barbed fence at a makeshift IDP camp at the U.N. Mission compound in Juba December 22, 2013.
A South Sudanese girl puts laundry on a barbed fence at a makeshift IDP camp at the U.N. Mission compound in Juba December 22, 2013.
 
 In the South Sudan city of Bor, memories of 1991 are playing out in real time.
That was when Riek Machar fell out with John Garang, then the leader of the rebels fighting against the north in Sudan's bloody civil war. That split led to vicious attacks in Bor.
People fled. People died.
More than two decades later, after South Sudan achieved independence from Khartoum, after it became the world's newest nation, people are again dying. They are again fleeing government troops battle rebel followers of former Vice President Machar.
In Bor, the evidence of fresh blood was everywhere Wednesday. On Christmas Day, the stores were looted, emptied of everything. The hospitals had no medicine, no doctors. Even the doctors ran to save their own lives.
Homes lay burned. Razed.
On both sides of the main roads, streams of people carried their life's belongings. Even chairs.
Sporadic gunfire, mainly warning shots now from government troops, pierced the air.
The heavy fighting, for now, was done. President Salva Kiir's soldiers were in control. The rebels were battling elsewhere for control including further north in the city of Malakal, the capital of oil-rich Upper Nile state.
The fighting between rival ethnic groups, which began mid-month, has led to mass killings as evidenced by mass graves, the United Nations has said.
The Security Council voted to add thousands more troops to its peacekeeping presence there to protect civilians in the young nation convulsed by violence. It would bring the total force up to 12,500 soldiers and 1,323 police officers.
U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon warned Wednesday those responsible for civilian deaths would be held accountable.
"We know many of you are suffering from horrific attacks," Ban told the people of South Sudan in a radio address. "Families are fleeing their homes. Many of you have lost loved ones and are grieving.
"I once again call on the country's leaders to settle their differences peacefully -- and I underscore their responsibility to protect civilians," he said. "I have warned all responsible for crimes that they will be held accountable."
And the Peace and Security Council of the African Union expressed "deep dismay and disappointment that the continent's newest nation should descend so rapidly into internal strife." It said it was alarmed by the "escalation of ethnic mobilization by belligerents, and emphasized that such mobilization of ethnic forces has the potential of causing untold human suffering."
Fighting began months after Kiir dismissed Machar, whose supporters have taken up arms against the government. Kiir and Machar are longtime rivals from two different tribal clans, the Dinka and the Neur.
As the crisis worsens, aid agencies predict they will need $166 million from now until March to provide water, sanitation, medical care and food. Even in Juba, the capital, food is running short.
"This is an extremely difficult time for the people of this new nation, and it is crucial that aid agencies have the resources they need to save lives in the coming months," said Toby Lanzer, UN Humanitarian Coordinator in South Sudan.
In the last 10 days, 90,000 people have been forced from their homes; 58,000 of them are at UN peacekeeping bases.
"In Bor and Bentiu this week, I have seen just how badly the communities caught in violence need our help," Lanzer said. "Our priorities are to stay, protect, and deliver.
Bor is where Machar's forces fired on three U.S. military aircraft that were on an evacuation mission Saturday. Four Navy SEALs were injured; the most seriously injured of them was en route Wednesday to the U.S. military hospital facility in Landstuhl, Germany. He had been treated initially in Nairobi, Kenya.
"The fourth injured service member is on his way," a U.S. military official with knowledge of the operation said. "I hear he is doing well."
The official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said the four SEALs were part of an operation to evacuate Americans in and around Bor when the CV-22 Osprey they were aboard was shot down. The Osprey was flown by an Air Force Special Operations team, and the SEALs were aboard to provide security when they landed, the official said.
All four were shot in the upper leg and thigh, the official said. The San Diego-based SEALs were on a routine deployment in Djibouti, a U.S. military hub, when they were called upon to participate in the rescue, the official said.
A bipartisan group of U.S. legislators sent a letter Tuesday to South Sudan's president, calling for a halt to rhetoric that condones violence against his rivals.
South Sudan's breathtaking descent into widespread conflict comes a little more than two years after the nation was ushered into existence with help from international powers after decades of civil war between separatists in the oil-rich south and Sudan's government in Khartoum.
In places like Bor, conflict had become a part of life, except perhaps for a brief time after South Sudan was born.
In Bor Wednesday, a 33-year-old woman who had lived through the violence of 1991, found herself questioning the future. Again.
"How long," she asked, "are we going to continue to run?"
 
cnn.com

Tuesday, December 24, 2013

Mikhail Kalashnikov, inventor of AK-47, dies at 94

 

 

Mikhail Kalashnikov, the Russian gun designer whose AK-47 rifle became the weapon of choice for many national armies and guerrillas around the world, died Monday, the Kremlin announced on its website.
He was 94.
Kalashnikov designed his first machine gun in 1942 after suffering injuries as a tank commander for the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II, but it wasn't until 1947 -- after years of tweaks -- that the AK-47 was introduced for Soviet military service.
The weapon, recognizable by its banana-shaped ammunition magazine, became known for its simple effectiveness. It was easy to use and maintain, and it was reliable in extreme conditions, be they hot, cold, wet or sandy.
Russian weapons designer Mikhail Kalashnikov presents his legendary assault rifle, the AK-47, to the media while opening an exhibition of his work at a weapons museum in Suhl, Germany, in 2002. Kalashnikov died on December 23 at the age of 94. Click through to see where else in the world the AK-47 has appeared.Russian weapons designer Mikhail Kalashnikov presents his legendary assault rifle, the AK-47, to the media while opening an exhibition of his work at a weapons museum in Suhl, Germany, in 2002. Kalashnikov died on December 23 at the age of 94. Click through to see where else in the world the AK-47 has appeared.
The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
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Photos: The long arm of Kalashnikov\'s AK-47 Photos: The long arm of Kalashnikov's AK-47
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
From the early 1950s, it became the standard weapon for Soviet and Warsaw Pact countries, according to IHS Jane's. The gun also proved popular with paramilitary groups: It was so successful in Mozambique's successful rebel movement of the 1960s and 1970s that its image appears in the national flag.
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Russia stopped producing AK-47 models in the late 1960s, but production of variants continued there and in other countries.
The Guinness World Records book recognized the AK-47 -- AK being a Russian acronym for "Kalashnikov's machine gun" and 47 standing for its debut year -- as the world's most common machine gun.
Russian President Vladimir Putin on Monday "expressed his deepest condolences to the family of Mikhail Kalashnikov in connection with his death," a post on the Kremlin's website read.
In 2009, Kalashnikov told CNN that two main qualities described the AK-47: simplicity and reliability.
"It is very important because a soldier doesn't have university degrees," he said. "He needs a simple and reliable weapon. Just as an academic, for that matter, in a combat situation. There's simply no time to figure how to operate a complicated weapon and press many buttons when the enemy is advancing on you."
He said the question he hated most was whether he felt sorry about the hundreds of thousands of people that were killed as a result of his invention. He had a standard answer:
"I've designed my weapon to defend the borders of our Fatherland, and let it continue to serve this purpose."
In 2011, Izhmash, the Russian manufacturer of the AK-47 family of weapons, said it was abandoning the design in favor of a new one for its next-generation assault rifles.
Kalashnikov's 90th birthday, in November 2009, was celebrated in Russia nearly like a national holiday. In a televised Kremlin ceremony, then-President Dmitry Medvedev decorated him with the country's highest order, the Hero of Russia.
 
cnn.com